最近总看到有人说机器加功放不用验机，感觉应该开个帖子纠正一下这个错误其实对机器加装功放也是需要重新验机的，需要走拼装无线电设备依旧是先贴一下工信部相关说明的网址:[关于申请设置、使用业余无线电台所用无线电发射设备相关事宜的说明](https://www.miit.gov.cn/jgsj/wgj/kpzs/art/2022/art_c1ffd3c47e3f455dad38246579092136.html) 文中提到了如下内容: > （三）使用拼装无线电发射设备申请设置、使用业余无线电台 > 拼装无线电发射设备是指将无线电台的相关部件（如无线电发射单元、滤波器单元、**功放单元**、电源等）进行拼装，形成相关无线电收发设备。设备测试检验时，申请人需要提供能充分证明该设备（特别是射频模块）确为拼装的有关证明材料，如各个部件的购买记录、部件列表、拼装设备过程中的相关照片等，以及业余无线电台技术参数表（包括工作频率、占用带宽、发射功率、杂散等主要射频技术参数）。 > 需要特别说明的是，如果通过对整机**加装外置功放**、电源等附属设备的**拼装**，相关整机应当依法取得《中华人民共和国无线电发射设备型号核准证》，且型号核准证载明的“频率范围”应包含业余业务频率。由上文可知，工信部对于**整机加装外置功放**这一行为定性为**拼装**无线电设备，理论上需要我们主动申报进行验机。目前15W以上的HF频段审批收归到工信部审批了，也就是我们现在想要申请对整机加装功放需要到工信部的政务服务平台进行申请。在这里感谢 @"BH6AOV"#515 ，之前他打电话询问了工信部相关部门验机的问题: [upl-image-preview url=https://storage.hamcq.cn/2023-12-18/1702921461-132403-img-20231219-014358.jpg] 概括下来就是: 填报的时候正常填写，只需要注意填写功率的时候不要按照核准写，按照功放的出口功率写。并且在拍设备照片的时候把功放和机器一起拍照上传。无需特别注明。 ~~相比直接验机，额外加一个功放也没有麻烦到哪去，感觉像是工信部对业余爱好者的一点仁慈~~

另外这篇文章的标题其实是让AI帮我写的，很有营销号的风范( 给我的另外几个标题分别是你可能忽视了这个重要步骤：整机加装功放的验机要求揭秘无线电设备的秘密：你的功放真的验过机了吗？工信部验机揭秘：你不知道的整机加装功放真相

😓，囊中羞涩，整不起功放

学习了，我考虑过这个事，比如机器本身杂散不高，但是接功放杂散超标，能不能算合格呢？按这个流程完美解决这种问题

有个疑问： “如果通过对整机加装外置功放、电源等附属设备的拼装，相关整机应当依法取得《中华人民共和国无线电发射设备型号核准证》，且型号核准证载明的 “频率范围” 应包含业余业务频率。” 比如，我的电台是不带电源的，我自己带着电台和一块电池在野外设台，这样整个装置也属于拼装的设备么？

@"Bi4KKF"#p7130 接功放就算是改变发信机参数了，拼装后杂散超标肯定是不合格的但是理论上验机的时候没上综测，和现在各地验整机一样就是架个台拍个照片可能就混过去了当然还是建议 don't send trash on the air，维护空中环境人人有责

@"BG2KUJ"#p7132 按照这个规定来说的话是这样的，收发信机以外的设备都算拼装但是实际操作来来看，没听说哪里的无管认为这个电源是拼装设备的一部分，也没有听说谁因为接了个没一起验机的电源被处罚了。我猜是毕竟电源这个东西也基本不会怎么改变发射参数，而且谁还没几个电源和电池换着用了，无管也嫌麻烦，管一下对发射参数修改比较大的功放就行了 ~~本来爱好者设个台就不容易了，无管管那么多也没什么用，还能给自己减少点工作量~~

文中提到的是“功放单元”，个人认为的“单元”指的是发射机的一部分，比如将电台和功放组装为一体，形成一个设备，固定使用，这样的情况才能称作“拼装”，而我们通常的外置功放，只是靠一条射频线进行连接（顶多再加一条控制线），属于一个松散的组合，可以随时分开，电台可以单独使用，而功放也能够和其他电台随意组合，这样的功放并不能够成为该无线电台的一个部分，也不能称之为“单元”，所以和上面文中提到的情形并不符合。如果真的外置功放也要验机，那么这个外置功放岂不是和这个电台进行绑定了，是不是使用的时候必须要组合使用，单独使用电台（不带功放），是不是设备和执照不符，如果一个人有两台qrp电台，只有一个外置功放，验机时随A电台一起验机，那么这个外置功放是不是就不能和B电台进行组合使用，否则也会设备和执照不符，这些情况应该都要做出明确龟腚才行。个人认为《qrp电台》加《外置功放》，仍然处在一个比较模糊的地带（法无禁止），qrp电台可以本地验机，也能够独立使用，外置功放无需验机，两者作为一个松散的组合一起使用。

@"BH2VYJ"#p7166 对于拼装的概念，工信部的说明已经很明确了，不同单元间只要形成拼装（无论是永久性还是临时性）即符合拼装无线电发射设备。对于QRP电台+功放的问题，应当从最大发射功率变化的角度来予以看待，即：在备案后，未连接功放的QRP电台是自行限制功率进行发射。

@"BH2VYJ"#p7166 上面BH7HQT的说法是正确的功放单元是对于组装拼装整机来说的，我们只需要看最后一段: > 需要特别说明的是，如果通过对**整机加装外置功放**、电源等**附属设备**的拼装，相关整机应当依法取得《中华人民共和国无线电发射设备型号核准证》，且型号核准证载明的 “频率范围” 应包含业余业务频率。这里明确特别说明了外置功放是附属设备，和上文的功放单元是并列的关系。帖子里我把这段全部拿出来是为了帮助各位更好的理解拼装的概念。而且BH6AOV电话咨询工信部询问过了，已经明确回复加装外置功放是需要一起验机发执照的，并不是目前的"灰色范围"。而且一个功放未必是需要绑定一个电台，和你说的一样，是一个松散的组合，很多电台都用这一个功放也是合理的。最后关于独立使用的问题，即使是工信部的执照下来之后，把机器和功放单独拆开使用也是没问题的。执照上核准的是允许发射的最大功率，比这个功率小，收发信机型号没问题，SN对的上，在执照核准范围内发射合情合理。

Don't be misled! Even a complete system with an added amplifier still requires re-testing.

Yuluoxk

I've recently seen a lot of people saying that it's not necessary to test amplifiers when installing power supplies, and I think we should start a discussion to correct this misconception.
In fact, installing amplifiers on machines also requires re-testing and involves a complete assembly of wireless devices.
Still, please start by visiting the website of the relevant instructions from the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology:Instructions regarding matters related to the application for and use of amateur radio transmitting equipment.
The following points were mentioned in the article:

(iii) Use a pre-assembled radio transmitter to apply for the establishment and use of an amateur radio station.

Assembling a radio transmission device involves integrating various components of a radio station (such as the radio transmitter unit, filter unit,Amplifier unitAssemble power supplies and other components to form the relevant radio communication equipment. When testing and inspecting the equipment, the applicant must provide evidence that clearly demonstrates that the equipment (especially the RF module) is indeed assembled, such as purchase records for individual parts, a list of parts, related photos from the assembly process, and amateur radio technical parameter tables (including working frequency, occupied bandwidth, transmission power, spurious emissions, and other main RF parameters).

It should be noted that if you perform a complete system analysis usingAdding an external amplifier、Power supply and other accessoriesAssemblyThe complete device should obtain a "Certificate of Approval for Wireless Radio Transmission Equipment Model" in accordance with the law, and the "frequency range" specified on the certificate should include amateur business frequencies.

As shown above, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology requiresThe entire system includes an external amplifier.This action has been classified asAssemblyAccording to theory, wireless devices require us to actively declare and undergo testing.

Currently, HF frequency bands with power output of 15W or higher are approved by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (MIIT). This means that to apply for adding a power amplifier to an entire device, you need to use the MIIT's government service platform.

Thank you here. @BH6AOV Previously, he had called the relevant department of MIIT to inquire about the inspection process for mobile phones.

In summary:
When filling out the form, please fill it in correctly. Just be sure to note the output power of the amplifier, not the rated power. Also, when taking a photo of the equipment, make sure to include both the amplifier and the machine in the photo before uploading. No special notes are required.
Compared to directly testing the device, adding an extra amplifier doesn't seem like a major hassle. It feels like a small gesture of kindness from the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology towards amateur enthusiasts.

Yuluoxk

Additionally, the title of this article was actually generated by AI; it has a very typical marketing-style tone.
Some of my other titles are:

You may be overlooking this important step: The testing requirements for installing a power amplifier in the entire system.
Unveiling the Secrets of Wireless Equipment: Has Your Amplifier Been Properly Tested?
Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Unveils: The Truth Behind Adding Amplifiers to Complete Devices

BI6LVP

😓, with limited funds, unable to afford a power amplifier.

Bi4KKF

I've learned about this, and I've considered it. For example, while the transmitter itself might have low noise, if the receiver exceeds the specified noise level, can it still be considered acceptable? According to this process, how can we perfectly solve such a problem?

Yuluoxk

Bi4KKF
Modifying the amplifier also changes the parameters of the transmitter. Assembling it afterward, if the extraneous signals exceed the allowed limits, would be considered non-compliant.
However, theoretically, when testing, if no comprehensive tests are performed and instead just a basic test is done, similar to how computers are currently tested in different locations by simply placing them on a stand and taking a photo, it might be possible to pass.

Of course, I still recommend not sending garbage into the air; maintaining a clean environment is everyone's responsibility.

BG2KUJ

I have a question:
"If a complete set of equipment is assembled by adding external amplifiers, power supplies, and other accessories, the entire set should obtain the "Wireless Radio Transmission Equipment Model Approval Certificate" in accordance with Chinese law, and the "frequency range" specified on the certificate should include amateur business frequencies."
For example, my radio doesn't have a power supply; I bring it along with a battery and set it up in the wilderness myself. Does this entire setup also qualify as an assembly-type device?

Yuluoxk

BG2KUJ
According to this regulation, any device other than the mail/message handling machine is considered a "assembled" item.
However, when we look at actual practice, I haven't heard of any place where it was considered that a non-cased power supply is part of the assembled equipment. Also, I haven't heard of anyone being penalized for using a power supply that wasn't tested along with the rest of the machine.
I guess it's just that power supplies don't really change the transmission parameters, and besides, most people already switch between different power supplies and batteries. Even if they want to adjust the parameters, it's more trouble than it's worth, so they only bother with amplifiers that significantly affect the transmission parameters.
~~Setting up a dedicated space for enthusiasts would be difficult, and focusing on that wouldn't really achieve anything. It could also reduce my workload.~~

SuoYuC

The Martian

BH2VYJ

The text refers to a "power amplifier unit." In my opinion, the term "unit" refers to a part of a transmitter, such as assembling a radio and power amplifier into a single device for fixed use. This would be considered an "assembly," while our typical external amplifiers are connected by only one RF line (and possibly another control line), which constitutes a loose combination that can be easily separated. The radio can be used independently, and the amplifier can also be combined with other radios at will. Therefore, this type of amplifier cannot be considered part of the wireless radio or called a "unit," so it does not match the scenario described in the text above.

If an external amplifier is truly required, then it should also be tested. In this case, wouldn't the external amplifier be linked to the radio itself? Would it necessarily need to be used in conjunction with the radio (without the amplifier), or would it violate regulations? If a person has two QRP radios and only one external amplifier, should the amplifier be tested along with the A radio? In this scenario, could the external amplifier not be used with the B radio? Otherwise, it would also violate regulations. These situations should all be clearly defined.

Personally, I believe that using a QRP radio with an external amplifier still falls into a somewhat ambiguous area (legal ambiguity), as the QRP radio can be tested locally and used independently. The external amplifier does not require testing; they can be used together as a loose combination.

BH7HQT

BH2VYJ Regarding the concept of "assembly," the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology's explanation is clear: as long as different units are assembled (whether permanently or temporarily), it meets the requirements for an assembly-type radio transmitter. With regard to the QRP radio + amplifier issue, it should be viewed from the perspective of maximum transmission power variation: after registration, a QRP radio without an amplifier transmits at a limited power level on its own.

Yuluoxk

BH2VYJ
The statement made by BH7HQT was correct.
For assembling a complete machine, the amplifier unit is the final component we need to consider.

It should be noted that if throughThe entire system includes an external amplifier.Power supply, etc.Associated equipmentThe assembly, and any complete device that incorporates it, must obtain a "Certificate of Approval for Radio Transmission Equipment Model" from the People's Republic of China in accordance with applicable laws. Furthermore, the frequency range specified on the certificate must include frequencies used for amateur radio operations.

Here, I explicitly state that the external amplifier is an accessory and that the amplifier unit mentioned in the previous section is a parallel component. I have extracted this entire paragraph to help everyone better understand the concept of assembly.

Furthermore, I contacted the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology via phone and confirmed that installing an external amplifier requires a combined inspection and license issuance. This is not currently considered a "gray area." Also, as you mentioned, a single amplifier does not necessarily need to be paired with a specific radio; it's a loose combination, and many radios use the same amplifier, which makes sense.

Finally, regarding the issue of independent use: even after obtaining a license from the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (MIIT), it is perfectly acceptable to separate the device and amplifier for individual use. The license only approves the maximum transmission power; if this power is lower than that, the transceiver models are fine, and the serial number matches, so transmitting within the approved range is reasonable and justifiable.

BH4FCY

I'm wondering if it's possible to connect multiple QRP devices to a single amplifier. How should I configure this?

Yuluoxk

BH4FCY
Theoretically, this should work fine. Since there's no serial number on the amplifier, it would be best to include a photo of the amplifier every time you upload a photo of the铭牌 (nameplate).

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