Hello,楼主😁You're really impressive, especially considering you're still in junior high school.🙏I am a high school student, and my knowledge of electronics is relatively limited. However, I have had some exposure to Arduino and Raspberry Pi, and would like to share my thoughts on them.
Regarding your mention of "enabling a microcontroller to obtain radio direction-finding capabilities," I believe you're referring to the inspiration you gained from using ultrasonic radar. So, my understanding is that you want to use the microcontroller to perform the task of "rotating the directional finder" that we currently do manually, effectively replacing the ultrasonic sensor with a directional antenna and then using the servo motor to determine which direction has the strongest signal.
Personally, I believe that the industry will have more mature designs in this area. However, as students, it's still interesting to experiment with these small projects for theoretical validation. We can probably achieve something by combining different approaches. For example, we could mount an antenna on a servo motor and connect it to an SDR (Software Defined Radio) device, such as a Raspberry Pi. Then, we can rotate the antenna and measure the RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indicator) at each position to determine which one provides the strongest signal. I actually have experience with a small antenna rotation project that I did previously.