各位友台好，我是 BG8ROM。在学习业余无线电的过程中，很多朋友（包括我自己）对于“极化方式”（Polarization）和天线的“辐射方向图”往往觉得比较抽象。书本上的二维插图虽然严谨，但很难展示出电波在空间中三维传播的动态过程。比如：圆极化的电场到底是怎么旋转前进的？八木天线的引向器和反射器是如何把信号“聚”成一束的？为了更直观地弄懂这些原理，我利用业余时间开发了一个 3D 业余无线电可视化展示平台。希望能帮助大家（特别是刚入门的朋友）摆脱枯燥的死记硬背，通过“看图说话”来理解天线物理。 🌐 在线体验地址 **https://ham.charlesify.com/** (无需安装 App，手机和电脑浏览器直接打开即可) ✨ 这个工具能看什么？目前我已经制作了以下演示场景，所有模型都支持 360 度旋转、缩放查看： 1. 电波极化方式演示垂直/水平极化：直观对比两种线极化的电场振动方向。圆极化/椭圆极化：动态展示电场矢量是如何在传播路径上旋转的，治好“想象力不够用”。 2. 经典天线 3D 模型与辐射演示八木天线 (Yagi-Uda)：观察定向波束的形成。 GP 天线 (Ground Plane)：典型的垂直全向天线演示。倒 V 与正 V 天线：架设环境受限时的常用天线。方框天线 (Quad) & 莫克森天线 (Moxon)：经典的高增益定向天线结构。 📸 截图预览 [upl-image-preview uuid=6beb4405-501b-4620-a456-d975b8cf5068 url=https://storage.hamcq.cn/2026-01-03/1767411550-492723-cleanshot-2026-01-03-at-113235-at-2x.jpg alt={HOME}] [upl-image-preview uuid=fc2658c6-a647-4b13-a505-5abfe199698c url=https://storage.hamcq.cn/2026-01-03/1767411564-787736-cleanshot-2026-01-03-at-113337-at-2x.jpg alt={V}] [upl-image-preview uuid=8bb8d14b-acf7-49db-b93b-bc2efdb1c649 url=https://storage.hamcq.cn/2026-01-03/1767411576-554664-cleanshot-2026-01-03-at-113534-at-2x.jpg alt={YAGIAGI}] 📝 写在最后这个项目是完全开源的，初衷就是为了科普和学习。代码和原理如果存在不够严谨的地方，恳请各位老火腿指正。如果您觉得这个工具对您有帮助，或者有其他想看的天线类型，欢迎在评论区告诉我！ 73! BG8ROM

做得真棒👍👍👍这对理解极化方式就有个直观的印象了，感谢楼主的辛勤付出。似乎倒V和正V的图放反了......

@"charles"#p92181 还需要个端馈天线极化，都说端馈使用不必在意方向，但是到底怎么个辐射方向探讨的比较少

莫克森的有一点问题，你看一下

@"BI1SFC"#p92192 好的，我先查查资料。

@"BH3XZT"#p92198 OK，我查查资料修复下

@"BI1SFC"#p92192 你要的端馈天线极化加上了，不知道对不对，你看看。

@"charles"#p92207 这效率也太高了，这下相当齐全了，酷~

[Share] I've created a 3D antenna polarization visualization tool to help everyone understand the principles of radio in an intuitive way (with demo address).

BI3BXB

Wait and see.

BG5BUW

This is great.

charles

📢 Ham-Study Update Summary (1.9 - 1.15)
Hello everyone, this week, a brand new demo module has been launched on Ham-Study, and the mobile experience has also been optimized.

🌟 Major new addition

Electromagnetic Wave Propagation Demonstration: A brand new 3D demonstration module! We simulate the propagation path of electromagnetic waves in three-dimensional space, providing a clear visual representation of how radio waves reflect and bounce between the ground and the ionosphere. This helps users better understand the principles of atmospheric wave propagation.

📱 Experience optimization
Improved smoothness: The entire 3D rendering engine has been optimized, resulting in smoother scrolling and browsing.
Welcome everyone to experience the new features! 73~

BH4HGV

Thank you very much, this is a very clear and intuitive presentation!
Great!👍

BG7SGA

Thank you very much! This is very clear and concise, and it perfectly matches what I'm currently studying about antenna polarization.

BG4LZN

charles The valve can also move, thank you!

BA7OOC

The original poster is impressive.

jsntzsy

This is great! It's very easy to understand and I appreciate it.

BG6LH

This is a fantastic tool!

Here are two small suggestions:

Add a feature that allows for three-dimensional rotation, making it easier to share screenshots.
It would be amazing if we could add a feature that allows us to share animated GIFs directly from the current state into hamcq's Markdown code. We can already post Markdown in our forum, so this would be a great addition!

charles

BG6LH The first suggestion is good; I'll make some changes later. The second one, due to server limitations, we can implement a download image function.

charles

BG6LH The 3D rotation and download screenshot functionality that you requested has been completed and can now be used on the website.

BA4QBK

That's great! Sometimes, when I try to imagine things myself, it feels awkward and unclear. But seeing this makes it much clearer.

BH4FOX

Wow, thank you so much! This is amazing.

BG3ILS

Amazing

charles

[Version Update] v1.6.0 - New addition: Moxon Antenna Calculator

Hello, everyone!

To make it easier for everyone to create high-gain, high front-to-back ratio portable antennas, our online toolkit has just been completed. v1.6.0 Version updates.

🆕 New features: Moxon (Moxon) box antenna calculator

The Moxon antenna is popular among hobbyists due to its compact design and ability to achieve a 50-ohm impedance match without the need for a matching network.

One-click calculationSimply enter the design frequency (MHz) and the resonator diameter.
Precise parametersAutomatically generate five key dimension parameters: A, B, C, D, and E.
The diagram illustrates: Provides a clear visual size chart for easy comparison and cutting.

🛠How to use

Access:https://ham.charlesify.com
Select from the menu. "Moxon Calculator"。
Enter your desired frequency (e.g., 14.270 or 435）。
Start your DIY project using the generated PDF or screenshot data.

🚀 Regarding the project

This is an open-source, purely front-end SSR project dedicated to providing HAM with the most seamless and ad-free computing tools.

Experience Location：ham.charlesify.com
Feedback suggestions: Feel free to leave a comment below, or submit an issue on GitHub.

73!

BD8ARF

bh1cqz

Excuse me, OP, what do the 1x, 2x, 3x, and 4x values refer to in this end-fed antenna?

charles

bh1cqz

1. 1x - Fundamental mode (n=1)

Meaning: The antenna operates at its designed frequency (half wavelength).
For example: For a 40-meter band EFHW antenna, this means: 7 MHz。
Shape: Standard"8" shapeRadiation pattern. The maximum radiation direction is perpendicular to the wire (broadside), just like a typical dipole antenna.

2. 2x - Second harmonic (n=2)

Meaning: Operating at twice the frequency.
For example: The 40-meter antenna operates at 14 MHz (20-meter band)。
Shape: The direction map is split into 4 petals(Four-leaf clover shape). The maximum radiation direction no longer aligns vertically with the conductor, but instead deviates by approximately 45 degrees towards both ends.

3. Third harmonic – 3x (3rd Harmonic / n=3)

Meaning: Operating at 3 times the frequency.
For example: The 40-meter antenna operates at 21 MHz (15-meter band)。
Shape: The number of petals increases to 6 slicesThe beam is further directed towards the two ends of the antenna.

4. 4th harmonic – Four times the fundamental frequency (n=4)

Meaning: Operating at 4 times the frequency.
For example: The 40-meter antenna operates at 28 MHz (10-meter band)。
Shape: Split into 8 petalsThe energy is more concentrated along the axis of the conductor, resulting in stronger directional gain.

charles

Update: Added a new feature for practicing CW (continuous wave) transmissions.

This time, we created a slightly "geeky" interface, and turned the keypad table into...Visualize circuit board。

Visual feedback When you press the switch, you can observe the signal flowing through the binary tree circuit, which visually demonstrates the point-to-point connection.
Key support : Keyboard support J/K (Or left and right arrow keys) simulate a hand-drum beat with side effects.
Real-time decoding The content captured by the camera will be automatically decoded and displayed in the Log area, supporting 8-point annotation.........) Revert changes.
Speed adjustment : Pre-set slow/medium/fast speed options for easy adaptation to different paces.

Interested teachers can try it out:
https://ham.charlesify.com/tools/cw

charles

# 👋 Hello everyone, I've created a small game to practice CW (Morse code)

To make practicing Morse code less tedious for everyone (including myself), I created a web-based **Morse Code Defense Game** during my free time.

Instead of being a game, it's more like a challenging "radio practice tool." The interface is styled after old-fashioned radio stations and terminals, with the aim of providing users with a unique training experience.

## 🎮 What is it?

This is a simple tower defense game. Characters will continuously fall from the top of the screen (simulating received signals), and your task is to protect the bottom "defense line".

## How to Play?

It's very simple; you can use your keyboard for full control, without a mouse.

1. **Observe the Target:** Clearly see the characters that are falling on the screen.
2. **Enter the code:** Use the keyboard to simulate a telegraph key and enter the Morse code corresponding to this character.
- **'J' key:** Represents **Dit .**
- **"K" key:** represents **Dah (Dah -)**
3. **Objective:** Once the correct character is entered, it will automatically disappear and you will earn points. If you fail to eliminate it in time, it will fall to the bottom and deduct from your base life.

## ✨ Some Small Details

- **Three difficulty levels:** Whether you are just starting to learn Morse code, or already fluent at speeds of over 20 words per minute, there is a pace that suits you.
- **Audio Restoration:** Includes sidetone functionality, providing real-time audio feedback when buttons are pressed.
- **It's not just about playing:** The primary goal is to reinforce everyone's conditioned response to seeing alphanumeric characters, especially the combination of letters and numbers.>The speed at which it generates the code.
The link is here: https://ham.charlesify.com/tools/cw/game. Please try it out and provide feedback so we can all connect via the air! 73!

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