1. For LEO (Low Earth Orbit) satellites, which typically operate at altitudes around 400 km, 3 units are sufficient.
2. Matching, gamma matching, or Yagi-Moxon matching through spacing adjustment. Most antennas do not require additional adjustments for matching; if done accurately, the SWR should be below 1.3. You should purchase a nanoVNA to test. The difference is not visible to the naked eye.
3. Yes. No requirements.
4. The optimal polarization direction is not determined by the equipment, but rather by the satellite's orientation in the sky. This is difficult to predict, so when operating, you can appropriately rotate the antenna and use your ears to determine the correct direction, or switch to a circular polarizaton antenna.