This article is from a trial run of the HamZone community in 2020, and was originally published on. @BH2RSJ
As shown, everyone can build their own outdoor battery system. The "pbox" is a finished battery, and our radio requires a voltage of 12-13V. Common choices include: four strings of lithium iron phosphate batteries (14V), three strings of polymer batteries (12V), and four strings of polymer lithium batteries (16V).
For those who prioritize safety and reliability, many would opt for a four-cell lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) battery. This type of battery offers good performance in low temperatures and within a wide voltage range, making it suitable for use with radios. However, its main drawback is its low energy density and relatively high weight, which can be inconvenient for backpackers.
For users of polymer lithium batteries, some use a three-in-one configuration. This setup is suitable for low-power applications because the fully charged voltage is around 12V. However, for high-power applications, the voltage drops to around 10V after a short period of operation, which can cause instability in the radio and lead to reduced power or screen flickering.
Regarding four-cell lithium batteries, I recommend that commercial radios can use them, but DIY radio users should be careful. Commercial radios have sufficient voltage margin and won't damage the equipment. For DIY users, it is essential to communicate with the author beforehand. Four-cell lithium batteries have a good energy density; at full charge, they are 16.8V, and after using high power for a while, they will drop back to around 15V. When almost depleted, they will drop to 12V, so you can maximize the battery's capacity. Of course, if you are not confident, you can buy a high-power DC-DC converter or connect several high-power diodes in series to reduce voltage, and good heat dissipation is essential. I personally used a 30Ah, 16.8V lithium battery with an Yaesu FT-891 radio for shortwave communication outdoors. It can sustain 100W of power for enjoyable use without any worries. However, when the voltage is high, it's difficult to use inverters or other devices, which is quite awkward.
When building your own battery, the most important thing is to choose the right cells, especially asking the supplier about the consistency of their batteries. Make sure they are properly matched and sized, so you don't end up with a battery that can't be used. Also, if you're using lithium polymer batteries, make sure they can be easily soldered, otherwise you won't be able to connect them. You can buy a suitable waterproof enclosure on Taobao, but remember to leave plenty of space inside so you don't regret it later.
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