潜水半年了，才考不久的新B，最近搞了一套G90N和老鹰HA1850拉杆天线，准备通联的时候发现很困难。和之前玩uv相比，uv段只要知道本地中继就能通联（网站里中继查询就有）或者和朋友直接直频即可。短波就复杂很多，之前有野外架台也有家里玩的（市区电磁环境不是太好），目前摸索到的只有ft8，以及收到一些信标台，还有各种语言的大量AM广播。除了ft8能通联几个以外，其他基本没戏。新手求问大佬们，短波需要怎么守听？有没有固定的几个频率范围呢（SSB和CW都可以）？目前都是一个个波形图看过去，比较费神。最后也想问问，我这个拉杆天线在新手阶段够用吗？

菜市场就是 7.050 MHz LSB、14.270 MHz USB，平时人会多点不够使，尽量整个正经点的天线

便携拉杆天线+低功率电台，ssb比较难，换个5.6米的拉杆gp、拉杆正v、端馈天线就好通联了我国庆的时候用拉杆正v，在14.270可以10w通联到附近省份的友台

小功率机器和短拉杆天线，基本上只能FT8和CW，没有别的选择了。去菜市场频率喊SSB，人家都是大功率长天线，有的甚至还上了1000W的功放，你去了，基本上只会被其他台友与狗给盖台。既然已经入坑，建议就先刷着FT8，多试几个频段（频率软件里头有，各种.074），在通联中熟悉设备和天线的调节技巧，掌握不同波段的传播特点。随着你对短波认识逐渐深入，当你对各种类型天线的特点有所了解之后，就可以更换高效率天线，尝试不同频率和通联模式。如果有钱任性，可以先上大功率机器，玩得更爽，只是不合法。当你积累了足够的经验，抢到C等级的考试，拿到C证，并且上了工信部大执照，你就可以合法地用大功率台来QRP了。

1、整理一下短波各个频段的频率范围，在这个范围内搜索业余短波电台，别跑到广播频率上。 2、短波拉杆天线我没玩过，不过按照经验来说，接收应该还可以，发射估计就差点意思了，整一个你自己可以接受的靠谱的短波天线吧，例如：端馈、拉杆GP天线等。。。 3、G90N只有10W功率，对于新手来说，优先推荐使用FT8模式，SSB在10W下如果没有高效的天线，效果也出不来的。

其实新手尽量不要碰QRP，买了90N就用，多下功夫研究天线和天线效率，多折腾天线吧，你会进步很快的，毕竟QRP需要经验和知识储备

@"BG4IJK"#p36213 感谢，确实ft8很容易上手，估计想爽玩还得考C了。

@"Wayne"#p36265 FT8其实真的别当老头乐趣玩，如果全靠机器默认呼叫会失去很多乐趣，试试多波段去了解传播，通过什么方式提高目前条件下成功概率，研究研究挺有意思

@"Bi4KKF"#p36267 FT8 其实真的别当老头乐趣玩，如果全靠机器默认呼叫会失去很多乐趣，试试多波段去了解传播，通过什么方式提高目前条件下成功概率，研究研究挺有意思让我来回答多好。其实我个人觉得多参加比赛啥都会了，不要去管什么频段，有比赛就参与，过程中你就了解了

@"BD6OC"#p36214 确实发射差点意思，但是受限于城市环境，一般都在户外架，大天线不太好带。

@"Bi4KKF"#p36267 感谢大佬的建议

Newbie question: How should a beginner get started with shortwave communication?

Wayne

I've been using a handheld radio for about six months, and I recently got my new B license. Recently, I set up a G90N and an Eagle HA1850 antenna, but I'm having trouble connecting to the network.
Compared to using UV, with just knowing the local repeater(s), you can connect (the website has a repeater lookup function) or communicate directly with friends via frequency.

Shortwave is much more complicated. I've previously experimented with both outdoor and home-based setups (the local electromagnetic environment isn't ideal), but currently, the only mode I'm successfully using is FT8, along with receiving some beacons and a lot of AM broadcasts in various languages. Aside from FT8, which allows communication with a few other stations, everything else seems unlikely to work.

Newbie asking for advice from experienced hams: What's the best way to monitor shortwave? Are there any specific frequency ranges that are commonly used (for both SSB and CW)? Currently, I'm spending a lot of time looking at individual waveforms. Finally, could my telescoping antenna be sufficient for beginners?

BG2ELG

The local market has frequencies of 7.050 MHz LSB and 14.270 MHz USB, and it tends to be busier during regular hours.

It's not enough; I want a full, proper antenna.

Jason

Portable telescoping antenna + low-power radio, SSB communication is difficult; using a 5.6m telescoping GP, telescoping inverted V, or end-fed antenna provides good connectivity.

When celebrating national holidays in China, we use a pull-out antenna shaped like a "V". On frequency 14.270, we can achieve 10W communication with nearby provincial stations.

BG4IJK

With low-power equipment and short dipole antennas, the only options are FT8 and CW. There's no other choice. If you go to a local market and transmit SSB, everyone else will be using high-power long-wire antennas, some even with amplifiers that output up to 1000W. You'll essentially just get jammed by other stations and dogs.

Since you've already started, I recommend first experimenting with FT8 and trying out several frequency bands (available in the frequency software, such as various .074), to familiarize yourself with your equipment and antenna tuning techniques within the contest. As you gain a deeper understanding of shortwave communication, once you have a good grasp of the characteristics of different types of antennas, you can then switch to more efficient antennas and experiment with different frequencies and contest modes.

If you have the money and want to indulge, you can start with high-power equipment for a more enjoyable experience, but it's not legal. Once you have enough experience, pass the C-level exam, obtain the C license, and acquire the large license from the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (MIIT), you can legally use high-power transceivers for QRP operation.

Wayne

BG4IJK Thank you. It's true that FT8 is easy to get started with, and I suspect that if you really want to enjoy it, you'll need to obtain a license.

BD6OC

1. Organize the frequency ranges for each band of shortwave, and search for amateur shortwave radio stations within this range, avoiding broadcasting frequencies.

2. I haven't used a shortwave dipole antenna before, but based on my experience, the reception should be decent, and the transmission should also be acceptable. Basically, I want a reliable shortwave antenna that I can use myself, such as: end-fed, dipole antennas, etc.

3. The G90N has a power output of only 10W, so for beginners, it is recommended to use the FT8 mode first. SSB will not work effectively without an efficient antenna at 10W.

Wayne

BD6OC It's essentially the same as transmitting, but due to the urban environment, most antennas are mounted outdoors, and large antennas don't perform well.

Bi4KKF

In fact, beginners should avoid QRP as much as possible. If you do decide to try it, start with a 90W transmitter and focus on studying antennas and antenna efficiency. Experiment with different antennas to see what works best for you. You will quickly improve your skills because QRP requires experience and knowledge.

Bi4KKF

Wayne Actually, FT8 isn't just for older ham radio enthusiasts. If you rely solely on the default call sign, you'll miss out on a lot of fun. Try experimenting with different frequency bands to understand propagation and explore ways to increase your chances of success under current conditions. This is a very interesting area to study.

BI4IVE

Bi4KKF Actually, FT8 isn't just for older ham radio enthusiasts. If you rely solely on the default call signals, you'll miss out on a lot of fun. Try experimenting with different frequency bands to understand propagation and explore ways to increase your chances of success under current conditions. This is a very interesting area to study.
I'd like to answer that question instead.
In my opinion, the best way to learn is by participating in competitions. It doesn't matter what frequency band you use; just participate, and you will learn along the way.

Wayne

Bi4KKF Thank you for your suggestions.

BG9CHE

When installed outdoors, a portable GP or point-to-point antenna with a 5.6 dBi gain will be much more efficient than an in-car antenna, and it can also be installed indoors.
Normally, I use the G90N for FT8 operation, along with a MA-12 pull-out antenna. At home, I mount the MA-12 on a camera tripod and extend it horizontally outside the window. The furthest I've reached is Argentina and Uruguay.

Wayne

BG9CHE What adapter did my friend use to connect the antenna? Can you provide some search keywords so I can find one? I also have a few spare tripods and light stands.

BD8CKN

Natural resonance is preferable to forced excitation.

Hangying

That's great! The new B will also improve and become the new C.

Lynx

FT8 provides enough information for you to learn about antennas and propagation. At least, you can use it for a year.
Once you understand the propagation patterns, you can try CW (Continuous Wave).

BG5BLI

QRP voice communication: experiment with spreading the signal, go for walks in parks and large lawns to test voice communication. I used an IC705 and a 2-meter vehicle-mounted GP antenna to achieve QRP voice communication from Zone 5 to Zone 9 at 10W power in Hangzhou West Lake area. With 10W power, it's possible to communicate globally using FT8.

BH3FVJ

If possible, even a new B-type, 100W machine that can be adjusted to lower power output would be good. You understand what I mean (make sure it's legal and compliant!). I'll try again when I have better equipment!

BA7NSM

The "Eaglet" antenna itself is a shortened pull-out type, and its efficiency is generally low.
As a beginner, whether you choose QRP actively or passively, it's essential to have clear goals when using it on your antenna.
The full-size GP itself is also quite portable (5.6m pull rope + 5m net x4 + 10m long 50-3 cable), and won't weigh much more than a radio.
As a new ham radio operator, I have successfully made numerous SSB QSOs using this equipment (IC-705 10W + full-size GP), including contacts from Shenzhen to Yibin in Guangxi and from Shenzhen to Qingdao in Shandong. The signal strength was sufficient for all these contacts.

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