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Questions 1-5, Legal regulations
1) The legislative bodies for amateur radio regulations are the State Council and the Central Military Commission.
The legislative body for this law is the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology.
2) Both amateur radio and public service radio fall under the jurisdiction of the radio management agency.
3) Remember one use case: "Self-training, mutual communication, and technical research"
4) The categories of "special" types for repeater stations, beacon stations, and space stations are:
5) Frequency tolerance in units of millions per MHz（PPM）
6) Spreading domain transmit power (absolute power in dBm, ...)
6-10, Question 5, Frequency Allocation (Concepts: division, allocation, assignment; primary and secondary business; frequency ranges)
(Division of business activities by primary and secondary functions for each department)
1) Remember to "operate within the amateur radio frequency bands."
2) A regulation based on the "Regulations for the Allocation of Radio Frequencies in the People's Republic of China"
3) The transmission rate of information is high, and the necessary bandwidth should be as wide as possible (CW being the lowest, ATV being the widest).
4) Dedicated frequency band: Select the "47G band" option.
5) Primary operating frequency bands: Options include "1.8M, 3.5M", but not "430M".
6) The three primary business areas are: 3G below 144-146 MHz.
7) Secondary business: Choose the option with "135.7 kHz"
8) For each band: Wavelength (units: meters) = 300 / Frequency (converted to a value in MHz)
A) 2,300–2,450 MHz (Wi-Fi): Very high frequency, short wavelength, UHF
B) 5.650–5.850 GHz: Ultra-high frequency, centimeter wave, SHF
C) 10-10.5 GHz: Ultra-high frequency, centimeter wave, SHF
D) 241 GHz - 250 GHz: Extremely high frequency, millimeter wave, EHF
E) 135.7–137.8 kHz: Low frequency, long wave, LF
F) 1,800 kHz - 2,000 kHz: Medium frequency, medium wave, MF
G) 28 MHz - 29.7 MHz: High frequency, shortwave, HF
H) 50 MHz - 54 MHz: Very High Frequency, Medium Wave, VHF
Questions 11-12: Call sign assignment and usage, how to assign? Guest station transmission, remote transmission, and how to use.
What's the number?
1) The call sign must be a complete and valid radio call sign;
2) Any changes or cancellations must first be submitted to the original issuing authority for the radio license.
3) Calling guests at someone else's home, or referring to gatherings in different provinces/cities as "out-of-town"
4) Guests should use their designated call sign, and when located in a different area, they must add "B+Area Number/" before their call sign.
13, Question 1: Each transmission mode category, CW(A1A), SSB(J3E)PSK31(G2B), RTTY(F2B), FM(F3E)
14, Question 1: Use of call signs, use of operating licenses
1) The questions related to whether an action is correct or legal are usually based on incorrect or illegal behavior.
2) The actions that are generally prohibited or forbidden include...
3) There are two exceptions to this rule.
A) Licensed but unlicensed: Can use the call sign of the owner, with the license holder being responsible.
B) Without a license or certification, individuals can experience short-term practical training in radio transmission operations.
4) Choose the option that includes "in the event of a major natural disaster or other emergency."
15, Question 1: QSL card usage
16, Question 1: Regarding penalties for violations, if there is an option of "30,000", select it; otherwise, if the option of "30,000" is not available, select "1,000 or more"; and if neither of those options are available, select "5,000".
Okay, let's focus on selecting the most severe offenses. These are the ones that carry the greatest consequences under criminal law.
Questions 17-18, Radio control, equipment debugging
19-20, Questions 2, Q (abbreviated)
1) Message transmission: QSP
2) Will be broadcast on ×× frequency at ×× radio station: QSX
3) Signal strength: QSA
Questions 21-23, abbreviations
1) Listening to: KP
2) Rapid message exchange: HST
3) BEAM: Directional antenna
4) VER: Vertical antenna
5) LP: Log-periodic antenna
6) XYL: Wife, Married Woman (EX YOUNG LADY)
24, Question 1: Time zones (BJT, UTC, GMT concepts and their conversions), CQ zone (Yellow Island 27, CQ zone)
Based on the district (area) and ITU zone (Yellow Island 50).
1) Given that Beijing time is equivalent to UTC minus 8 hours plus 24 hours, minus one day.
2) Given that UTC represents Beijing time: Let's enjoy the fact that there's only one option in the question bank, which is to calculate from UTC.
(Plus eight – minus twenty-four – then the next day)
3) CQ zone is the same as Egypt: 5A (Unlike other options in the question bank, there are no spaces before 5A).
4) Rare and Difficult: KP5A (It seems that simply selecting the option with "5A" is sufficient)
5) 3V, 4X, 5A, 6Y: Remember to select the first option, which is "Tunis".
6) ITU Regional Division: Remember that South America is Region 2, and China is Region 3.
7) Time zone division: Remember that the Prime Meridian passes through the 0° longitude, resulting in 24 time zones (since there are 24 hours in a day).
There are 12 time zones in total, with China located in the Eastern Time zone (which is why we add or subtract 8 hours when converting to UTC).
Questions 25-26, Radio terminology
27, Question 1, Satellite
28, Question 1, Communication Mode
1) Synchronous/Asynchronous, Full RTTY (synchronous or asynchronous)
2) Packet rates: 300 baud, 1200 baud, 9600 baud
29, Question 1, Mirror Frequency Interference, Working Frequency + First Intermediate Frequency x 2, Channel 435 (317.95 MHz or 552.05 MHz)
Questions 30-33 and 4, related to physical quantity concepts and visual recognition.
34, Question 1: RC and RL circuits (series and parallel)
35, Question 1: Amplifiers (A, B, C, D). A is fully linear. B is linear with a cutoff. C is cutoff with partial saturation. D
As of full saturation, use A for weak signals, and arrange from least to most interference-resistant (A, B, C, D).
36, Question 1: Which modulation method has a constant amplitude, but only selects those with "amplitude" in the description, and does not select those without it?
The words on it.
37, Question 1
1) Select the filter (cutoff frequency, bandwidth, etc.) options, choosing either the 3dB or -3dB option.
2) Two input lines for digital logic circuits (AND gate, OR gate, XOR gate, etc.) with inputs of 00, 01, 10, and 11.
A) With the gate: When both signals are 1, the output is 1. This means that the correct option should be 0, 0, 0, 1.
B) OR gate: The output is 1 if either of the two inputs is 1, meaning the output will be 0, 1, 1, 1.
C) XOR gate: If two input signals are different and one of them is 1, the output is 1; otherwise, the output is 0.
D) With Non-Gate: First, perform a non-gate operation followed by a NAND gate, which results in the opposite output of a NOR gate: 1, 1, 1, 0.
E) Or gate (inverter): This produces the opposite of the output of an AND gate, i.e., 1, 0, 0, 0.
F) XOR-NOT gate: This is the opposite of an XOR gate, meaning: 1, 0, 0, 1
38-40, Question 3, equipment interference etc.
1) Use active components, selecting diodes or transistors;
41, Question 1, Gain Calculation: If the power gain increases, select a positive number; if it decreases, select a negative number (a 2x gain corresponds to a 3dB decrease).
6dB gain, 5x gain at 7dB, 10x gain at 10dB, 100/1000/1 million... number of zeros multiplied by
10. For example, "1万倍, 4个零" represents 40dB. If the voltage is given, first square the multiplier and then apply it to the power.
Calculate the corresponding options.
Questions 42-45, Antenna
1) For any antenna system involving a half-wavelength dipole with two oscillators, always choose odd multiples of 1/2 wavelength.
2) Choose 48.8/f for phased array antennas, and 71.3/f for dipole antennas.
3) DBI value = DBD value + 2.15
4) The dBi value represents the gain relative to an ideal isotropic antenna, while the dBd value represents the gain relative to a half-wave dipole antenna.
The gain of a half-wave dipole antenna relative to an ideal omnidirectional antenna is 2.15 dBi.
46, Question 1, Ionosphere, D, E, F1, F2, D - Absorption and attenuation, E, F1, F2 - Reflection
47, Question 1
1) Using a multimeter, measure the feed line (the short-circuit value for the terminal should be zero, and the open-circuit value should be infinite).
Resistor (select the one not connected to power), measure battery (A table's internal resistance ratio should be smaller than B table)
2) Common transmission interface standards for wireless communication and testing equipment, as well as television and audio devices.
The impedances are respectively: 50/75/600
48, Question 1: Lightning protection and electrical system inspection.
49, Question 1, Radiation Detection
50, Question 1: Interference and its solutions
1) Interference calls – install filters on the phone.
2) HF interference television, with a 30 MHz low-pass filter installed on the transmitter.
3) VHF interference on television; install a 144 MHz band-pass filter in the TV receiver.
4) Three-stage tuning, select 2fT – fR or (fT + fR) / 2. Please pay attention to the red font.
Disclaimer: This is a personal opinion, intended for review and reference only. I strongly discourage cheating in exams and will not be held responsible for the final assessment results!
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