The FTDX10 likely does not use the DX101's 18-bit ADC, and may instead use a similar 14-bit ADC like that found in the FT710, or a standard 12-bit ADC. The model number is likely ADC121S101.
Regarding why there isn't a high-precision ADC, here's what one foreign tester, DC4KU, mentioned in their test report:

The gist is:
"At the input of the 1 (mixed SDR) system, ZF uses steep-slope filters at 500 Hz, 3 kHz, and 15 kHz. Therefore, the subsequent ADC only requires a lower bandwidth."
However, a more accurate ADC would certainly be preferable, and this might explain the performance difference between the DX10 and DX101 receivers.
The original file link is as follows:
https://wwp.lanzoup.com/iMST5261teyh